28: The “Front End”
Consider the acronym PITI: principal, interest, taxes, insurance. These factors make up the “front end” part of the 28/36 rule.
Let’s say you’ve got a $275,000, 30-year mortgage with a 3% interest.
Using PITI, you determine that you’ll pay around $949 to your loan principal, $221 to home insurance, and $441 to all of your other mortgage-related taxes and fees.
That brings your monthly payment to $1,680. So, your household pre-tax income needs to be at least $6000 per month:
$1,680 / $6,000 = 28%
Like we mentioned earlier, this 28% ratio is equally important for both you and your lender. If your ratio is way over 28% your lender probably won’t be eager to offer you anything, or you’ll be forced to pay higher interest rates.
And of course, a ratio of more than 28% means you probably won’t be able to reliably afford your mortgage—that’s why lenders use it as a deciding factor!
36: The “Back End”
The 36% portion of the 28/36 rule refers to everything else—all of your monthly debt payments outside of PITI.
So, your credit cards, student loans, car payments, etc. fall into this category.
To get the best possible mortgage (if you’re shopping around for one) or to ensure that you can afford your monthly debt payments, you’ll need to keep your ratio at 36% or below.
Your lender might also refer to this number as your debt-to-income ratio or DTI.
Typically, the golden rule for DTI is that your ratio should be no more than 43%. You can find your debt-to-income ratio by adding up all of your debts and dividing that total by your gross monthly income.
But for the best possible mortgage structure—low interest and lower monthly payments—36% or less is the number to shoot for.
Plus, keeping your DTI at 36% or lower will help you keep money in the bank for emergency expenses, family vacations, and anything else life throws at you.
28/36 and Your Credit Score
Every time you apply for a loan from the bank, they’ll request a credit report to determine the risk they’re taking.
Think of it as the first line of defense for your lender.
This is what makes the 28/36 rule so important for getting a good mortgage, and saving money on your mortgage payments.
Your lender will request a hard inquiry, or ‘hard pull’ on your credit score before they decide to lend you any cash. And every time they request a hard inquiry, it’ll affect your credit score.
So, why risk your credit score on a loan that’s not within your budget?
Using the 28/36 rule before you apply will help you find a loan that works for your budget.
The #1-factor lenders consider is your credit score, and losing points on your score will only make it more difficult to get a loan. For more on getting a good mortgage with a low credit score,